Bone Marrow Collection

Bone marrow collection, also known as bone marrow aspiration or biopsy, is a medical procedure used to collect a sample of bone marrow for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Indications

• Diagnosis of blood disorders such as leukemia, lymphoma, and anemia
• Monitoring of disease progression or response to treatment
• Collection of stem cells for bone marrow transplantation
• Diagnosis of infections, such as osteomyelitis
• Diagnosis of cancer that has spread to the bone marrow

Procedure

The procedure typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient is positioned on their side or stomach, and the skin over the hipbone (iliac crest) or breastbone (sternum) is cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
2. A local anesthetic is injected into the skin and bone to numb the area.
3. A needle is inserted through the skin and into the bone marrow, and a sample of bone marrow is aspirated or biopsied.
4. The sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis.

Types of Bone Marrow Collection

• Bone marrow aspiration: A needle is used to collect a liquid sample of bone marrow.
• Bone marrow biopsy: A needle is used to collect a solid sample of bone marrow tissue.
• Bone marrow harvest: A surgical procedure used to collect a large quantity of bone marrow for transplantation.

Risks and Complications

• Pain or discomfort at the collection site
• Bleeding or bruising at the collection site
• Infection at the collection site
• Nerve damage or numbness

Preparation and Aftercare

Prior to the procedure, patients may be required to:

• Stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners
• Avoid eating or drinking for a certain period of time
• Undergo laboratory tests, such as blood work

After the procedure, patients may be required to:

• Rest for a certain period of time
• Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity
• Apply pressure to the collection site to stop bleeding

Results and Interpretation

The results of the bone marrow collection are typically interpreted by a hematopathologist or other specialist, and may include:

• Microscopic examination of the bone marrow cells
• Flow cytometry analysis to identify specific cell types
• Molecular testing to detect genetic abnormalities
• Culture tests to detect infections

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is bone marrow collection?
Procedure to collect bone marrow from the body.

Why is bone marrow collected?
For diagnosis, treatment, or donation purposes.

Where is bone marrow typically collected from?
Hipbone or sternum.

Is bone marrow collection painful?
Can be uncomfortable, local anesthesia used.

How long does the procedure take?
Usually 30-60 minutes.

What are the risks of bone marrow collection?
Infection, bleeding, bruising.

Do I need to prepare for bone marrow collection?
Yes, fasting and medication adjustments may be required.

Can I go home after bone marrow collection?
Usually yes, but depends on individual case.

How long does it usually take to recover from bone marrow collection?
Several days to a week.

Will I need stitches after bone marrow collection?
No, usually just a bandage.