Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy is a medical procedure used to visualize the inside of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the small intestine. It involves swallowing a small, pill-sized camera called a capsule that takes photographs as it moves through the digestive system.

How it Works

The capsule contains a tiny camera, battery, and transmitter. Once swallowed, the capsule begins to take two pictures per second, which are then transmitted to a receiver worn by the patient. The images are stored on the receiver and can be downloaded to a computer for review by a healthcare provider.

Preparation

To prepare for a capsule endoscopy, patients typically:

• Fast for at least 12 hours before the procedure
• Avoid taking certain medications that may interfere with the test
• Wear a sensor belt around their waist to receive the images transmitted by the capsule

Procedure

The patient swallows the capsule, and it begins to take pictures as it moves through the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The entire procedure typically takes around 8 hours, during which time the patient can go about their daily activities.

Uses

Capsule endoscopy is used to:

• Diagnose bleeding in the small intestine
• Investigate Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
• Monitor celiac disease
• Evaluate small intestinal tumors or cancer

Risks and Complications

Possible risks and complications of capsule endoscopy include:

• Capsule getting stuck in the digestive tract (rare)
• Nausea or vomiting
• Abdominal pain or discomfort

Results

The images taken by the capsule are reviewed by a healthcare provider to look for any abnormalities, such as bleeding, inflammation, or tumors. The results can help diagnose and monitor conditions affecting the small intestine.

Contraindications

Capsule endoscopy may not be suitable for patients with:

• Pacemakers or other implanted medical devices
• Swallowing disorders
• Narrowing of the intestinal tract (stricture)
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is capsule endoscopy?
A procedure where a small camera in a capsule takes pictures of the inside of the digestive tract.

How does the capsule endoscopy work?
The capsule is swallowed and passes through the digestive system, taking photos that are transmitted to a receiver.

What is the purpose of capsule endoscopy?
To visualize the small intestine and diagnose conditions such as bleeding, inflammation, or tumors.

Is capsule endoscopy invasive?
Generally considered non-invasive, but may cause some discomfort during swallowing.

How long does the capsule endoscopy procedure take?
Typically 8 hours, but can vary depending on the individual's digestive system.

Can anyone undergo capsule endoscopy?
Most people can, but those with pacemakers or other implanted devices may need to avoid it due to potential interference.

Are there risks associated with capsule endoscopy?
Rarely, the capsule may get stuck in the digestive tract, requiring medical intervention.

How is the capsule endoscopy data interpreted?
A doctor reviews the images and data transmitted by the capsule to diagnose conditions.

Is capsule endoscopy covered by insurance?
Often covered, but coverage may vary depending on the individual's insurance plan and medical necessity.

What happens to the capsule after the procedure?
The capsule is excreted naturally in the stool, usually within 24-48 hours.