Cerebral Aneurysm

A cerebral aneurysm is a weak or thin spot on an artery wall in the brain that balloons or bulges out, filled with blood. The artery wall can rupture, leading to bleeding in the brain, which is known as a subarachnoid hemorrhageundefined.

Causes and Risk Factors

Cerebral aneurysms are often caused by a combination of factors, including:

Symptoms

Most cerebral aneurysms do not show symptoms until they rupture. However, some people may experience:

Diagnosis

Cerebral aneurysms are typically diagnosed using:

Treatment

Treatment options for cerebral aneurysms depend on the size, location, and whether the aneurysm has ruptured. Treatment may include:

  • Clipping: A surgical procedure where a neurosurgeon places a clip at the base of the aneurysm to prevent further bleeding.
  • Coiling: A minimally invasive procedure where a catheter is used to deliver coils to the aneurysm, which block blood flow and prevent further bleeding.
  • Flow diversion: A procedure where a stent is placed in the artery to divert blood flow away from the aneurysm.
  • Medications: To manage symptoms such as pain, seizures, and high blood pressure.

Complications

Ruptured cerebral aneurysms can lead to serious complications, including:

  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage: Bleeding in the space surrounding the brain.
  • Vasospasm: Narrowing of the blood vessels, which can reduce blood flow to the brain.
  • Hydrocephalus: Fluid buildup in the brain, which can increase pressure and cause further damage.
  • Rebleeding: Further bleeding from the aneurysm, which can worsen symptoms and outcomes.

Prevention

To reduce the risk of developing cerebral aneurysms:

  • Control high blood pressure through lifestyle changes and medication.
  • Quit smoking.
  • Maintain a healthy weight.
  • Exercise regularly.
  • Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a cerebral aneurysm?
A weak or thin spot in a blood vessel in the brain that balloons out.

What causes a cerebral aneurysm?
High blood pressure, genetics, and smoking are common risk factors.

What are the symptoms of a cerebral aneurysm?
Often none, but can include headache, nausea, and vomiting.

Can a cerebral aneurysm rupture?
Yes, leading to bleeding in the brain.

How is a cerebral aneurysm diagnosed?
CT or MRI scans, angiograms, and physical exams.

What are the treatment options for a cerebral aneurysm?
Surgery, endovascular coiling, or clipping.

Can a cerebral aneurysm be prevented?
Controlling high blood pressure and not smoking can reduce risk.

Are cerebral aneurysms common?
About 1 in 50 people have an unruptured cerebral aneurysm.

What is the prognosis for someone with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm?
Variable, but often serious with high morbidity and mortality.

Should I get screened for a cerebral aneurysm?
Only if you have a family history or other risk factors.

Article last updated on: 1st July 2025.
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