Cervical Pregnancy

Cervical pregnancy is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition where a fertilized egg implants in the cervix instead of the uterus. This type of ectopic pregnancy occurs when the embryo attaches to the cervical tissue, which is not designed to support a growing fetus.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of cervical pregnancy is often unknown, but several factors may increase the risk of developing this condition. These include:

Symptoms

The symptoms of cervical pregnancy may be similar to those experienced during a normal pregnancy, but they can also include:

Diagnosis

Cervical pregnancy is typically diagnosed using a combination of:

  • Transvaginal ultrasound to visualize the embryo and its location
  • Pelvic exam to assess the size and shape of the uterus and cervix
  • Beta-hCG blood tests to measure hormone levels
  • Imaging studies, such as MRI or CT scans, to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions

Treatment

The primary goal of treatment for cervical pregnancy is to prevent complications and preserve fertility. Treatment options may include:

  • Expectant management, where the patient is closely monitored for signs of complications
  • Medical management with methotrexate or other medications to stop the growth of the embryo
  • Surgical intervention, such as a dilation and curettage (D&C) procedure or a hysterectomy, in severe cases

Complications

Cervical pregnancy can lead to serious complications, including:

  • Severe bleeding, which can be life-threatening
  • Cervical rupture or perforation
  • Infection or sepsis
  • Fertility problems or infertility

Prevention

While it is not possible to completely prevent cervical pregnancy, women can reduce their risk by:

  • Practicing safe sex and using contraception effectively
  • Avoiding smoking and substance abuse
  • Maintaining a healthy weight and lifestyle
  • Seeking regular prenatal care if they become pregnant

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a cervical pregnancy?
A rare type of ectopic pregnancy where the embryo implants in the cervix.

How common is cervical pregnancy?
It occurs in about 1 in 1,000 to 1 in 16,000 pregnancies.

What are the symptoms of cervical pregnancy?
Vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and pelvic pressure.

Can cervical pregnancy be diagnosed with ultrasound?
Yes, transvaginal ultrasound is commonly used for diagnosis.

Is cervical pregnancy viable?
No, it is not compatible with a live birth due to lack of placental support.

What are the risks of cervical pregnancy?
Uterine rupture, severe bleeding, and infertility.

How is cervical pregnancy typically treated?
Methotrexate injection or surgical removal of the embryo.

Can cervical pregnancy be prevented?
No, but risk factors such as previous uterine surgery can be managed.

Are there any complications after treatment?
Potential for bleeding, infection, and future fertility issues.

Should women with a history of cervical pregnancy try to get pregnant again?
It is recommended to wait at least 6-12 months before attempting another pregnancy.

Article last updated on: 25th June 2025.
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