Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is a common and highly contagious infection or inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids.

Causes of Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Bacterial infections: Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Viral infections: Such as adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, and enterovirus.
• Allergies: To pollen, dust, or other environmental allergens.
• Irritants: Such as chemicals, smoke, or wind.
• Parasites: Such as lice or mites.

Symptoms of Conjunctivitis

The symptoms of conjunctivitis can vary depending on the cause, but common symptoms include:

• Redness and inflammation of the eye and eyelid.
• Discharge or pus in the eye, which can be yellow or greenish in color.
• Itching or burning sensation in the eye.
• Excessive tearing or watery eyes.
• Sensitivity to light.
• Blurred vision.
• Crusting on the eyelashes, especially in the morning.

Treatments for Conjunctivitis

The treatment for conjunctivitis depends on the cause, but common treatments include:

• Antibiotic eye drops or ointment: To treat bacterial infections.
• Antiviral medication: To treat viral infections such as herpes simplex virus.
• Allergy medications: Such as antihistamines or mast cell stabilizers to treat allergic conjunctivitis.
• Cool compresses: To reduce itching and discomfort.
• Artificial tears: To lubricate the eyes and reduce dryness.
• Avoiding irritants: Such as smoke, chemicals, or allergens that can exacerbate the condition.

Home Remedies for Conjunctivitis

In addition to medical treatment, there are several home remedies that can help alleviate the symptoms of conjunctivitis, including:

• Applying a warm compress: To loosen crust and reduce discomfort.
• Using over-the-counter lubricating eye drops: To reduce dryness and irritation.
• Getting plenty of rest: To help the body fight off the infection.
• Staying hydrated: To thin out discharge and promote healing.

Prevention of Conjunctivitis

To prevent conjunctivitis, it is essential to practice good hygiene, including:

• Washing hands frequently: Especially after touching the eyes or face.
• Avoiding sharing personal items: Such as towels, makeup, or contact lenses.
• Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces: That may be contaminated with the virus or bacteria.
• Avoiding close contact: With someone who has conjunctivitis.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is conjunctivitis?
Inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, a membrane covering the white part of the eye and inside of eyelids.

What are the symptoms of conjunctivitis?
Redness, itching, discharge, blurred vision, and tearing.

Is conjunctivitis contagious?
Yes, it can be spread through direct contact with infected secretions.

What causes conjunctivitis?
Viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or irritants.

How is conjunctivitis diagnosed?
Physical examination and medical history.

Can conjunctivitis be treated at home?
Mild cases can be managed with self-care and over-the-counter medications.

What are the types of conjunctivitis?
Viral, bacterial, allergic, and chemical.

How long does conjunctivitis last?
Typically 7-14 days for viral, and shorter for bacterial with treatment.

Can conjunctivitis affect vision permanently?
Usually no, but complications can occur if left untreated.

When should I see a doctor for conjunctivitis?
If symptoms worsen or do not improve with treatment, or if vision is affected.