Corns and Calluses

Corns and calluses are thickened areas of skin that develop as a result of repeated pressure, friction, or irritation. They can occur on any part of the body, but are most commonly found on the feet, hands, and toes.

Causes

• Pressure from shoes that are too tight or do not fit properly
• Friction from repetitive activities, such as walking or running
• Irritation from skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis
• Abnormal gait or foot mechanics
• Genetic predisposition

Symptoms

• Thickened skin that is rough to the touch
• Pain or discomfort when pressure is applied to the affected area
• Redness and inflammation around the affected area
• Fluid-filled blisters or cracks in the skin

Types of Corns and Calluses

• Hard corns: thickened areas of skin that are dense and hard
• Soft corns: thickened areas of skin that are soft and moist, often found between the toes
• Seed corns: small, hard corns that are usually painless
• Calluses: thickened areas of skin that are larger and more diffuse than corns

Treatment

• Conservative treatment: soaking the affected area in warm water, using pumice stone or foot file to gently remove dead skin cells, applying moisturizer to keep the skin soft and hydrated
• Medications: over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to reduce pain and inflammation
• Surgical treatment: in severe cases, surgical removal of the corn or callus may be necessary

Prevention

• Wearing shoes that fit properly and provide adequate support and cushioning
• Using orthotics or shoe inserts to redistribute pressure and reduce friction
• Wearing socks made of breathable materials, such as cotton or wool
• Avoiding repetitive activities that cause friction or irritation
• Keeping the skin moisturized and hydrated to prevent dryness and cracking

Complications

• Infection: if the corn or callus becomes cracked or open, it can become infected with bacteria or fungi
• Ulcers: in people with diabetes or poor circulation, corns and calluses can lead to the development of ulcers

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are corns and calluses?
Thickened areas of skin caused by friction or pressure.

Where do corns typically occur?
On toes, feet, and hands.

What causes corns and calluses to form?
Friction, pressure, or repetitive actions.

Are corns and calluses painful?
Yes, they can be painful if pressed or irritated.

Can corns and calluses be prevented?
Yes, by wearing proper fitting shoes and using protective gear.

How are corns and calluses treated?
With pumice stones, salicylic acid, or padding.

Can I remove corns and calluses myself?
No, it's recommended to see a doctor for removal.

Are there any home remedies for corns and calluses?
Yes, soaking feet and using moisturizers can help.

Can corns and calluses lead to other health issues?
Yes, if left untreated, they can lead to infections or ulcers.

How long does it take for corns and calluses to heal?
Several weeks to several months with proper treatment.