DHEA-S Test

The DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) test is a blood test used to measure the levels of DHEA-S in the body.

What is DHEA-S?

DHEA-S is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys. It is a sulfated version of the hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and is the most abundant steroid hormone in the human body.

Purpose of the Test

The DHEA-S test is used to:

• Diagnose and monitor adrenal gland disorders, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia or adrenal tumors.
• Evaluate hormone imbalances in women with symptoms such as excess hair growth, acne, or irregular menstrual periods.
• Assess the function of the adrenal glands in people with suspected adrenal insufficiency or Addison's disease.

How the Test is Performed

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in the arm and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The test measures the level of DHEA-S in the blood, which is typically reported in units of micrograms per deciliter (μg/dL) or nanomoles per liter (nmol/L).

Normal Values

Normal values for DHEA-S vary depending on age, sex, and laboratory methods. Typical reference ranges are:

• Adult men: 50-430 μg/dL (1.3-11.6 μmol/L)
• Adult women: 30-340 μg/dL (0.8-9.2 μmol/L)

Abnormal Results

Abnormal results may indicate:

• Adrenal gland disorders, such as Cushing's syndrome or adrenal insufficiency.
• Hormone imbalances, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women.
• Tumors or cancers affecting the adrenal glands.

Limitations and Considerations

The DHEA-S test has some limitations and considerations:

• DHEA-S levels can fluctuate throughout the day, so a single measurement may not accurately reflect the body's overall hormone production.
• Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, can affect DHEA-S levels.
• The test is not typically used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as menopause or andropause.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a DHEA-S test?
A blood test measuring Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels.

Why is a DHEA-S test ordered?
To evaluate adrenal gland function and diagnose disorders.

What does DHEA-S measure?
Levels of Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in the blood.

How is the test performed?
A blood sample is taken from a vein.

Do I need to fast before the test?
Fasting is not typically required.

What are normal DHEA-S levels?
Vary by age, sex, and lab, but generally 35-430 mcg/dL.

What are high DHEA-S levels indicative of?
Adrenal gland disorders or tumors.

What are low DHEA-S levels indicative of?
Adrenal insufficiency or hypopituitarism.

Are there any risks associated with the test?
Minor risks from blood draw, such as bruising or infection.

How long does it usually take to get results?
Typically 1-3 days, depending on the lab.