Elastography

Elastography is a medical imaging technique used to measure the elasticity or stiffness of tissues within the body.

Principle

The principle behind elastography is based on the fact that different tissues have varying levels of stiffness. By applying a mechanical stress, such as compression or vibration, to the tissue and measuring the resulting deformation, elastography can create images that reflect the tissue's elastic properties.

Types of Elastography

  • Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE): Uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure tissue stiffness. MRE applies a mechanical vibration to the tissue and uses MRI to image the resulting shear waves, which are used to calculate tissue stiffness.
  • Ultrasound Elastography: Uses ultrasound technology to measure tissue stiffness. There are several types of ultrasound elastography, including compression elastography, shear wave elastography, and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging.
  • Optical Coherence Tomography Elastography (OCTE): Uses optical coherence tomography (OCT) to measure tissue stiffness. OCTE applies a mechanical stress to the tissue and uses OCT to image the resulting deformation.

Clinical Applications

Elastography has several clinical applications, including:

  • Liver Disease Diagnosis: Elastography can be used to diagnose liver fibrosis and cirrhosis by measuring liver stiffness.
  • Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Elastography can be used to differentiate between benign and malignant breast lesions based on tissue stiffness.
  • Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Elastography can be used to diagnose prostate cancer by measuring the stiffness of the prostate gland.
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders: Elastography can be used to diagnose and monitor musculoskeletal disorders, such as tendinopathy and ligament sprains.

Advantages and Limitations

Elastography has several advantages, including:

  • Non-invasive: Elastography is a non-invasive technique that does not require the use of ionizing radiation or contrast agents.
  • High sensitivity and specificity: Elastography can provide high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing various diseases.

However, elastography also has some limitations, including:

  • Operator dependence: The accuracy of elastography depends on the skill and experience of the operator.
  • Tissue heterogeneity: Elastography can be affected by tissue heterogeneity, which can lead to inaccurate measurements.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is Elastography?
A medical imaging technique that measures tissue stiffness.

How does Elastography work?
Uses ultrasound or MRI to assess tissue elasticity.

What is Elastography used for?
Diagnosing and monitoring various diseases, including cancer.

Is Elastography invasive?
No, it is a non-invasive procedure.

Is Elastography painful?
No, it is generally painless.

How long does an Elastography procedure take?
Typically 15-30 minutes.

Can Elastography be used on any part of the body?
Commonly used for liver, breast, and thyroid exams.

Are there any risks associated with Elastography?
Minimal risks, such as temporary discomfort.

Is Elastography covered by insurance?
Typically covered for medically necessary procedures.

Can Elastography replace biopsy?
Not always, but can help reduce need for biopsies.

Article last updated on: 12th July 2025.
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