Epiphora

Epiphora is a medical condition characterized by an excessive flow of tears onto the cheek, often due to an abnormality in the tear drainage system.

Causes

• Blockage of the nasolacrimal duct, which is the tube that carries tears from the eye into the nasal cavity
• Malformation or narrowing of the tear ducts
• Trauma to the face or eye, leading to damage to the tear drainage system
• Infection or inflammation of the lacrimal sac or nasolacrimal duct
• Tumors or cysts that obstruct the tear drainage system
• Age-related changes, such as a weakening of the muscles around the eye or a decrease in tear production

Symptoms

• Excessive tearing, which may be constant or intermittent
• Tears spilling onto the cheek or nose
• Redness and irritation of the eye or eyelid
• Discharge or crusting on the eyelashes or corner of the eye
• Sensitivity to light or wind

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of epiphora typically involves a physical examination and medical history. Additional tests may include:

• Dye disappearance test, which assesses the flow of tears through the tear drainage system
• Irrigation of the tear ducts to check for blockages
• Imaging studies, such as CT or MRI scans, to visualize the tear drainage system and surrounding structures

Treatment

Treatment for epiphora depends on the underlying cause and may include:

• Surgical procedures, such as probing and irrigation of the tear ducts or placement of a stent to open up the blocked duct
• Antibiotic or anti-inflammatory medications to treat infections or inflammation
• Artificial tears or ointments to lubricate the eye and reduce irritation
• Closure of the tear duct opening, either temporarily or permanently, to reduce tearing

Complications

If left untreated, epiphora can lead to complications such as:

• Chronic eye irritation and inflammation
• Infection of the lacrimal sac or nasolacrimal duct
• Scarring or narrowing of the tear ducts, leading to further blockage
• Cosmetic concerns, such as skin irritation or discoloration around the eye

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is epiphora?
Excessive tearing of the eyes.

What are the common causes of epiphora?
Blockage of tear ducts, eye irritation, or abnormal eyelid position.

Can epiphora be a sign of an underlying condition?
Yes, such as conjunctivitis or dacryocystitis.

How is epiphora diagnosed?
Through physical examination and imaging tests like CT scans.

What are the symptoms of epiphora?
Excessive tearing, eye redness, and discharge.

Can epiphora be treated at home?
Mild cases with warm compresses and eyelid hygiene.

What is the role of surgery in treating epiphora?
To correct blockages or abnormalities in tear ducts.

Can epiphora affect vision?
If left untreated, it may lead to blurred vision or eye infections.

Is epiphora more common in certain age groups?
Yes, more common in infants and older adults.

Can epiphora be a congenital condition?
Yes, some people are born with blocked tear ducts.