Gynecology

Gynecology is the branch of medicine that deals with the health of the female reproductive system, which includes the vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts.

Subspecialties of Gynecology

• Obstetrics: The care of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.
• Gynecologic Oncology: The diagnosis and treatment of cancers of the female reproductive system.
• Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility: The diagnosis and treatment of hormonal disorders and infertility in women.
• Urogynecology: The diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the female urinary tract and pelvic floor.
• Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology: The care of young girls and adolescents with gynecologic problems.

Gynecologic Procedures

• Pelvic Exam: A routine exam to check the health of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries.
• Pap Smear: A screening test for cervical cancer.
• Mammogram: A screening test for breast cancer.
• Colposcopy: A procedure to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for abnormal cell growth.
• Hysteroscopy: A procedure to examine the inside of the uterus using a flexible tube with a camera and light.
• Laparoscopy: A surgical procedure to examine the pelvic organs using a laparoscope.

Gynecologic Conditions

• Menstrual Disorders: Abnormalities of the menstrual cycle, such as heavy bleeding or irregular periods.
• Pelvic Pain: Chronic pain in the pelvic area, which can be caused by various conditions such as endometriosis or fibroids.
• Urinary Incontinence: The involuntary loss of urine, which can be caused by weakened pelvic muscles or other factors.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder that affects ovulation and fertility.
• Endometriosis: A condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain and infertility.

Gynecologic Treatments

• Hormonal Therapies: Medications that regulate hormonal imbalances, such as birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy.
• Surgery: Procedures to treat conditions such as fibroids, endometriosis, or cancer.
• Alternative Therapies: Non-pharmacological approaches, such as acupuncture or herbal supplements, which may be used to manage symptoms or promote overall health.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is gynecology?
Medical specialty dealing with women's health.

What kind of doctor specializes in gynecology?
Obstetrician-gynecologist (OB-GYN).

What services do gynecologists provide?
Routine check-ups, prenatal care, and reproductive health.

At what age should a woman start seeing a gynecologist?
13-15 years old or when menstruation begins.

How often should a woman have a gynecological exam?
Annually.

What is a Pap smear?
Screening test for cervical cancer.

Why are mammograms important in gynecology?
Detect breast cancer early.

Can gynecologists treat infertility issues?
Yes.

Do gynecologists perform surgeries?
Yes, such as hysterectomies and C-sections.

Are gynecological services confidential?
Yes.