Leukocytes in Stool

Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are an essential part of the immune system. They help fight infections and diseases. The presence of leukocytes in stool can be a sign of an underlying condition or infection in the gastrointestinal tract.

Causes of Leukocytes in Stool

• Infectious diarrhea: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can cause leukocytes to appear in stool. Examples include Salmonella, Shigella, and Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infections.
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can lead to the presence of leukocytes in stool due to chronic inflammation in the gut.
• Diverticulitis: Inflammation of the diverticula in the colon can cause leukocytes to appear in stool.
• Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often caused by a viral or bacterial infection, can lead to leukocytes in stool.

Symptoms Associated with Leukocytes in Stool

• Diarrhea
• Bloody stools
• Abdominal pain or cramping
• Fever
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weight loss

Diagnosis and Testing

A stool test, also known as a fecal examination, can detect the presence of leukocytes in stool. The test may involve:

• Microscopic examination: A laboratory technician examines the stool sample under a microscope to look for leukocytes and other abnormalities.
• Stool culture: A sample of stool is sent to a laboratory to grow and identify any bacteria or other microorganisms that may be present.
• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): A test used to detect specific proteins or antibodies in the stool sample.

Treatment and Management

Treatment for leukocytes in stool depends on the underlying cause. It may involve:

• Antibiotics: To treat bacterial infections.
• Anti-inflammatory medications: To reduce inflammation and manage symptoms of IBD or other conditions.
• Supportive care: Rest, hydration, and nutrition to help manage symptoms and support recovery.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention:

• Bloody stools or black, tarry stools
• Severe abdominal pain or cramping
• Fever above 101.5°F (38.6°C)
• Signs of dehydration, such as excessive thirst, dark urine, or decreased urine output
• Vomiting that lasts more than 2 days

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are leukocytes in stool?
White blood cells in feces.

Why are leukocytes in stool a concern?
Indicate gastrointestinal infection or inflammation.

What causes leukocytes in stool?
Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections.

Can leukocytes in stool be a sign of a specific disease?
Yes, such as inflammatory bowel disease.

How are leukocytes in stool diagnosed?
Stool test or microscopic examination.

What are the symptoms associated with leukocytes in stool?
Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever.

Can leukocytes in stool be treated?
Yes, with antibiotics or anti-inflammatory medication.

Are leukocytes in stool contagious?
Possibly, depending on the underlying cause.

Can a person with leukocytes in stool still work or attend school?
It depends on the severity of symptoms and underlying cause.

Should a person with leukocytes in stool see a doctor?
Yes, for proper diagnosis and treatment.