Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medicines

Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are drugs that can be purchased without a prescription from a healthcare provider. These medications are available at pharmacies, supermarkets, and online retailers.

Types of OTC Medicines

• Pain relievers: acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), aspirin
• Antihistamines: diphenhydramine (Benadryl), loratadine (Claritin)
• Decongestants: pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), phenylephrine (Sudafed PE)
• Cough and cold medicines: dextromethorphan, guaifenesin
• Antacids and acid reducers: ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid)
• Laxatives: senna, bisacodyl
• Skin and wound care: hydrocortisone, calamine lotion

Regulation of OTC Medicines

OTC medicines are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA sets standards for the safety, efficacy, and labeling of OTC medications.

Safety Precautions

• Always read and follow the label instructions
• Take only the recommended dose
• Avoid taking multiple medicines with the same active ingredient
• Be aware of potential interactions with other medications, including prescription drugs
• Keep OTC medicines out of reach of children and pets

Common Side Effects

Common side effects of OTC medicines may include:

• Stomach upset or nausea
• Dizziness or drowsiness
• Headache
• Rash or itching

Special Considerations

Certain individuals may need to take special precautions when taking OTC medicines, including:

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Children and infants
• Older adults
• People with certain medical conditions, such as kidney or liver disease

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are over-the-counter (OTC) medicines?
Medicines that can be bought without a prescription.

Where can I buy OTC medicines?
Pharmacies, supermarkets, and online stores.

Do I need to show ID to buy OTC medicines?
No, unless it contains pseudoephedrine.

Can I give OTC medicines to children?
Only under adult supervision and as directed.

How do I know which OTC medicine to take?
Read the label and follow instructions.

Can I take OTC medicines with prescription medicines?
Consult a doctor or pharmacist first.

Are all OTC medicines safe?
Generally safe when used as directed.

Can I overdose on OTC medicines?
Yes, if taken in excess or incorrectly.

How do I store OTC medicines safely?
In a cool, dry place out of reach of children.

Do OTC medicines expire?
Yes, check the expiration date before use.