Trigger Finger

Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a common medical condition that affects the tendons and ligaments in the fingers and thumb.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Repetitive motion or strain on the tendon, such as from typing, using a computer mouse, or playing musical instruments
• Medical conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout
• Direct injury to the finger or thumb
• Certain occupations that involve repetitive gripping or grasping, such as construction work or gardening

Symptoms

• Pain or tenderness in the affected finger or thumb, especially when bending or straightening
• Swelling or inflammation in the affected area
• Catching or snapping sensation when moving the finger or thumb
• Stiffness or limited range of motion in the affected finger or thumb
• Finger or thumb locking in place, making it difficult to move

Diagnosis

Trigger finger is typically diagnosed through a physical examination and medical history. A healthcare provider may:

• Perform a physical exam to assess the range of motion and tenderness in the affected finger or thumb
• Ask questions about symptoms, medical history, and daily activities
• Order imaging tests, such as X-rays or ultrasound, to rule out other conditions

Treatment Options

• Rest and ice to reduce inflammation and pain
• Stretching exercises to improve range of motion and flexibility
• Physical therapy to strengthen the muscles in the hand and finger
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and relieve pain
• Splinting or bracing to support the affected finger or thumb
• Surgery, in severe cases, to release the tendon and restore normal movement

Prevention

To prevent trigger finger, it is recommended to:

• Avoid repetitive motions or take regular breaks to rest the hands and fingers
• Maintain good hand and finger posture when performing activities
• Strengthen the muscles in the hand and finger through exercise
• Use ergonomic equipment, such as keyboards and mice, to reduce strain on the hands and fingers

Complications

If left untreated, trigger finger can lead to:

• Persistent pain and stiffness
• Limited range of motion or permanent deformity
• Nerve damage or numbness in the affected finger or thumb

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is trigger finger?
A condition where a finger gets stuck in a bent position.

What causes trigger finger?
Inflammation or narrowing of the tendon sheath.

What are the symptoms of trigger finger?
Pain, stiffness, and clicking or snapping sound when moving the finger.

Which fingers are most commonly affected?
Thumb, index, and middle fingers.

Can trigger finger be caused by injury?
Yes, repetitive motion or direct injury can cause it.

Is trigger finger more common in certain groups?
Yes, people with diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis.

How is trigger finger diagnosed?
Physical exam and medical history.

What are the treatment options for trigger finger?
Rest, ice, stretching, and corticosteroid injections.

Can surgery be used to treat trigger finger?
Yes, if other treatments fail.

Is trigger finger a permanent condition?
No, it can be treated and resolved.